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Can the Labor Department decide an employer’s monetary liability?

Department of Labor v. Sun Valley Orchards

Administrative law · US Supreme Court · No. 25-966 · Argument scheduled

Research checked 27 September 2026 · Official docket

The competing views

Article III assigns federal judicial power to constitutionally protected courts. Some matters involving public rights may be decided by agencies. A separate accepted question asks whether the statute authorises the Department’s process. This selection tracks the constitutional question only.

The Labor Department

The Department argues that participation in a federal labour-importation program carries enforceable conditions and that Congress authorised administrative monetary remedies. It places the proceedings within the public-rights exception.

Sun Valley Orchards

Sun Valley argues that the claims and monetary remedies resemble ordinary private disputes reserved to courts. It also says the statute does not authorise this agency adjudication.

Original summaries of submissions, not findings of fact.

Procedural history

  1. 27 April 2026

    Review granted on constitutional and statutory questions

  2. 18 June 2026

    Department files its merits brief

  3. 27 July 2026

    Employer files its merits brief

  4. 10 November 2026

    Oral argument scheduled

Research & materials

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Court links open official materials; scheduled arguments are not transcripts.

Case updates

Research and argument schedule checked

The docket records argument scheduled for 10 November 2026. This is a dated research update, not a live feed.

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Oral argument scheduled

The official docket schedules oral argument for 2026-11-10. Dates may change. Docket entry dated 2026-08-11; checked 2026-09-26.

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Merits brief filed

The official docket records this procedural event. Docket entry dated 2026-07-27; checked 2026-09-26.

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